A spherical shell has inner radius R1, outer radius R2, and mass M, distributed uniformly throughout the shell. The magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the shell by a point mass particle of m a distance d from the center, outside the outer radius, is:

When you jump from an elevated position you usually bend your knees upon reaching the ground. by doing this, you make the time of the impact about 10 times as great as for a stiff-legged landing. in this way the average force your body experiences is a) less than 1/10 as great. b) more than 1/10 as great. c) about 1/10 as great.d) about 10 times as great.