How many calories are needed to boil 85 grams of water at 100°C?​

As part of an industrial process, air as an ideal gas at 10 bar, 400k expands at steady state through a valve to a pressure of 4 bar. the mass flow rate of air is 0.5 kg/s. the air then passes through a heat exchanger where it is cooled to a temperature of 295k with negligible change in pressure. the valve can be modeled as a throttling process, and kinetic and potential energy effects can be neglected. (a) for a control volume enclosing the valve and heat exchanger and enough of the local surroundings that the heat transfer occurs at the ambient temperature of 295 k, determine the rate of entropy production, in kw/k. (b) if the expansion valve were replaced by an adiabatic turbine operating isentropically, what would be the entropy production? compare the results of parts (a) and (b) and discuss.

The pressure increases by 1.0 x 104 n/m^2 for every meter of depth beneath the surface of the ocean. at what depth does the volume of a pyrex (bulk modulus 2.6 x 1010n/m^2) glass cube, 9.8 x 10^−2m on an edge at the ocean's surface, decrease by 7.5 x 10−10m^3? explain the formula beyond this point: p=1.0x10^4, b=2.6x10^10, l=9.8x10^−2, delta v=7.5x10^−10. at some point l needs to be cubed. why p is divided by delta v?

Anybody wanna ? (picture included? )