Consider the coin diagram. We see that for the ‘four heads’ state, there are w = 1 microstates. For this question, we will call ‘two heads, two tails’ state 1, and ‘one head, three tails’ state 2. a) For state 1, find w.
b) What is the entropy of the system for state 1?
c) What is the entropy of the system for state 2?
d) Imagine now that we throw the coins and they land in state 1. We then rearrange them into state 2.
i. What is the change in entropy here?
ii. Which law does this violate?
iii. What went wrong? What must we also consider?