Arod 12.0 cm long is uniformly charged and has a total charge of -20.0 µc. determine the magnitude and direction of the electric field along the axis of the rod at a point 32.0 cm from its center.

The formula for the electric field generated by a charged rod is:

E = k Q / [D (D + L)]

Where,

E = electric field

k = Coulomb’s constant = 9 * 10^9 N m^2 / c^2

Q = total charge = -20.0 µc = -20.0 * 10^-6 c

L = length of rod = 12.0 cm = 0.12 m

D = distance from the center = 32.0 – 12.0 cm = 0.20 m

Substituting the known values to the formula:

E = (9 * 10^9 N m^2 / c^2) * (-20.0 * 10^-6 c) / [0.20 m (0.20 m + 0.12 m)]

E = -2,812,500 N

Since E is negative therefore E is pointing towards the center of the rod.

= initial pressure

= final pressure = 2

= initial volume

= final volume = /4

= initial temperature = 20 c = 20 + 273 = 293 k

= final temperature = ?

using the equation