A300-gram toy car and a 500-gram toy car are sitting on a shelf that is 2 meters highter than the floor. by what percent is the pe of the 500-gram car grater than the pe of the 300-gram car?

We are given:

m1 = 300 grams
m2 = 500 grams
h1 = h2 = 2 meters

We have to determine the potential energy of both toy cars:

PE = mgh
PE1 = m1gh1
PE1 = 300 grams/1000g/kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 2 meters
PE1 = 5.886 Joules

PE2 = m2gh2
PE2 = 500 grams/1000g/kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 2 meters
PE2 = 9.81 Joules

PE2 - PE1 / PE2

9.81 - 5.886 Joules / 9.81 joules * 100 = 40.0%

Therefore, the 500-gram car is greater by 40% in terms of potential energy than the 300-gram car. This is because mass is directly proportional to the potential energy of an object.