What is meant by absolute time? why was it not noticed before the development of the special theory of relativity?

Absolute time is placing a number on an object or event. It would be like saying this fossil is 500,000,000 millions years old or a volcanic eruption took place 200,000 years ago. Absolute time is expressed in numbers.

Newton's assumptions were perfectly rational, considering the prevailing knowledge at the time he lived. His conclusions were absolutely revolutionary, and his work is still used on a daily basis by engineers designing everything from skateboards to spacecraft. 

The answer is a) taiga because taigas are cold

That would be kinetic energy