A 69.5-kg person throws a 0.0475-kg snowball forward with a ground speed of 31.5 m/s. A second person, with a mass of 57.5 kg, catches the snowball. Both people are on skates. The first person is initially moving forward with a speed of 2.35 m/s, and the second person is initially at rest. What are the velocities of the two people after the snowball is exchanged

- After throwing the snow, velocity of the thrower is 2.33 m/s

- the velocity of the receiver is 0.026 m/s

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

Using conservation of momentum,

Initial thrower has a momentum of mv; v

(69.5 kg + 0.0475 kg) × 2.35 m/s = 163.4366 kg.m/s

Now, When he throws it at 31.5 m/s, these constitutes a momentum of;

(0.0475 kg )(31.5 m/s) = 1.49625 kg.m/s

hence his momentum now is: 163.4366 - 1.49625 = 161.94035 kg.m/s

To get his velocity, we say;

161.94035 = mv

{ he lost weight of the snow ball so, m = 69.5 kg )

161.94035 = 69.5 × v

v = 161.94035 / 69.5

v = 2.33 m/s

Therefore, After throwing the snow, velocity of the thrower is 2.33 m/s

Next is the Receiver;

the receiver will gain momentum of 1.49625 kg.m/s

he has no momentum initially and after he catches the snow ball;

1.49625 kg.m/s = mv

1.49625 kg.m/s = ( 57.5 kg +  0.0475 kg ) × v

1.49625 kg.m/s = 57.5475 kg × v

v = ( 1.49625 kg.m/s ) / 57.5475 kg

v = 0.026 m/s

Therefore, the velocity of the receiver is 0.026 m/s