AND THIS ONE PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE

During a medieval siege of a castle, the attacking army uses a trebuchet to hurl heavy stones at the castle walls. if the trebuchet launches the stones with a velocity of at an angle of 50.0°, (a) how long does it take the stone to hit the ground? (b) what is the maximum distance that the trebuchet can be from the castle wall to be in range? (c) how high will the stones go? show all your work.

Since the energy was not raising the temperature of the water during these segments, what was the energy used to do instead? your answer must include an explanation of what is happening to the molecules.

Why do metals "give up" their valence electrons?