If anyone can answer any of these questions it would be so amazing. My teacher for physical science didn't do a good job explaining it and I don't have enough time to teach it to myself.

the motion of a pendulum is a classic example of mechanical energy conservation. a pendulum consists of a mass (known as a bob ) attached by a string to a pivot point. as the pendulum moves it sweeps out a circular arc, moving back and forth in a periodic fashion.

c) up is the direction the magnetic force is acting on the charge.