Is a term that refers to the amount of space that a substance or an object take up

yes and its called either mass or volume.

Explanation: volume is the space inside the object is taken up, and mass is bassicaly the same thing but with weight

when jerome paddle in flowing river towards east the net speed of jerome will increase

so the net speed of jerome will be given as

now the speed of paul will be same as it is given as he is running on the ground

so

so here we can say since the speed of jerome is more so he will win the race

now as we know the distance so the time difference is given as

so jerome will reach first and the time difference will be 203.55 s or 3.4 min