Can you explain the second part where you say set it equal

The temperature at a point (x, y) is t(x, y), measured in degrees celsius. a bug crawls so that its position after t seconds is given by x = 6 + t , y = 8 + 1 3 t, where x and y are measured in centimeters. the temperature function satisfies tx(3, 9) = 5 and ty(3, 9) = 4. how fast is the temperature rising on the bug's path after 3 seconds? (round your answer to two decimal places.)

Asolid cylinder and a cylindrical shell have the same mass, same radius, and turn on frictionless, horizontal axles. the cylindrical shell has light-weight spokes connecting the shell to the axle. a rope is wrapped around each cylinder and tied to blocks of equal masses that are held the same height above the ground. both blocks are released simultaneously. the ropes do not slip. which block hits the ground first? or is it a tie?

In addition to gravity, what is the other predominant force that affects the motion of a pendulum?