Explain how a pulley system works as if you were teaching a class of first graders. Describe what it looks like. List the parts. Include the terms mechanical advantage, input and output force, and distance.
What is the answer

Pulley systems are used to provide us with a mechanical advantage, where the amount of input effort is multiplied to exert greater forces on a load. They are typically used for hauling and lifting loads but can also be used to apply tension within a system such as in a Tensioned Line or Tyrolean.

2.A pulley system makes it easier to lift an object than lifting the dead weight by hand. A single pulley essentially changes the direction of the pull or force applied. When a person uses two or more pulleys in a system, then the system also multiplies the force applied besides changing its direction.

3.A pulley system is a tensioning system that comprises of several pulleys (block and tackle), a rope, a rope brake, an ascender and connectors. Besides great efficiency, a pulley system provides a great variability as well; all parts can be combined.

4.A pulley is a simple machine made of a grooved wheel with a rope or cable wrapped around it, as shown below. You use a pulley by pulling on one end of the rope. The force of your pull is the input force. At the other end of the rope, the output force pulls up on the object you want to move.

Explanation:

I hope this helps answers the questions that you asked

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air exerts forces on falling objects near earth’s surface.

explanation:

the term 'free falls' refer to object that are falling towards the earth, in a situation in which gravity is the only force acting on the object.

for an object in free fall, the acceleration is constant (g, the gravitational acceleration), and so the velocity of the object constantly increases.

for objects near earth's surface, there is always another force acting on the object: the resistance due to the air. this force is opposed to the direction of fall of the object, and it is proportional to the velocity of the object, so as the object falls down, this force increases up to a point when it balances the force of gravity, and the object continues its motion at constant velocity (called terminal velocity). since in this case gravity is not the only force acting on the object, we are not in a situation of free fall.