A crane is used to lower weights into a lake for an underwater construction project. Determine the tension in the cable of the crane due to a concrete sphere with a radius of 2 m when the sphere is lowered into the water. The concrete has a specific gravity of 2.8.

Tension in the cable = 591292.8 N or 591.3 kN

Explanation:

Tension in the cable = Weight of object in air - upthrust/bouyancy due to the liquid

Weight of object in air = mass * acceleration due to gravity, g

Since mass is not given, it is obtained from the formula, mass = density * volume

Volume of the sphere = 4/3πr³ where r, radius = 2 m; π = 22/7

volume = 4/3 * 22/7 * (2m)³

volume of sphere = 33.52 m³

Density of concrete sphere = specific gravity * density of water

where, specific gravity = 2.8, density of water = 1000 kg/m³

density of concrete =  2.8 * 1000 kg/m³

density of concrete = 2800 kg/m³

acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.8 m/s²

Thus, weight of concrete = 2800 kg/m³ * 33.52 m³ * 9.8 m/s² = 919788.8 N

Upthrust = density of water * volume of sphere * g

Upthrust = 1000 kg/m³ * 33.52 m³ * 9.8 m/s² = 328496 N

The tension in the cable is the calculated as below;

Tension in the cable = Weight of object in air - upthrust/bouyancy due to the liquid

Tension in cable = 919788.8 N - 328.496 N = 591292.8 N

Therefore, tension in the cable is 591292.8 N or 591.3 kN

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