Un camino cerrado que permite que la energía electrónica fluya se llama?

What would the difference of spectral lines emitted by hydrogen gas in distant galaxies which is normally found at a wavelength of 21 cm on earth, be observed at 21.1 centimeters?

Consider the particle-in-a-box problem in 1d. a particle with mass m is confined to move freely between two hard walls situated at x = 0 and x = l. the potential energy function is given as (a) describe the boundary conditions that must be satisfied by the wavefunctions ψ(x) (such as energy eigenfunctions). (b) solve the schr¨odinger’s equation and by using the boundary conditions of part (a) find all energy eigenfunctions, ψn(x), and the corresponding energies, en. (c) what are the allowed values of the quantum number n above? how did you decide on that? (d) what is the de broglie wavelength for the ground state? (e) sketch a plot of the lowest 3 levels’ wavefunctions (ψn(x) vs x). don’t forget to mark the positions of the walls on the graphs. (f) in a transition between the energy levels above, which transition produces the longest wavelength λ for the emitted photon? what is the corresponding wavele

What is the energy of a photon of ultraviolet radiation with a frequency of 4.4 × 1015 hz? planck’s constant is 6.63 × 10–34