Suppose one cylinder is bolted to a sturdy ceiling. How many 81 kg football players would need to hang from the lower cylinder to pull the two cylinders apart

This question is incomplete, the complete question is;

The two 60 cm in diameter cylinders in Figure 13.15, closed at one end, open at the other, are joined to form a single cylinder, then the air inside is removed.

a) How much force does the atmosphere exert on the flat end of each cylinder?

b) Suppose one cylinder is bolted to a sturdy ceiling. How many 81 kg football players would need to hang from the lower cylinder to pull the two cylinders apart ?

a) the atmosphere exert a force of 2.9 × 10⁴ N on the flat end of each cylinder

b) 36 football players each of 81 kg are needed to pull the two cylinders apart.

Explanation:

Given that;

diameter of cylinder is 60 cm = 0.6 m

then radius r will be 0.6/2 = 0.3 m

a)

How much force does the atmosphere exert on the flat end of each cylinder;

we know that; F = PA

inside its the flats end that its in question; Area A = πr².

We Know that, Pressure P due to atmosphere is 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa

so, F = 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa × π( 0.3 )²

F = 1.013 × 10⁵ Pa × 0.09π

F =  28641.9 N ≈ 2.9 × 10⁴ N

Therefore, the atmosphere exert a force of 2.9 × 10⁴ N on the flat end of each cylinder.

b) number of players needed to pull the two cylinders apart.

given that; m = 81 kg and g is 9.8 m/s²

n = F / mg

we substitute

n = 28641.9 / (81 × 9.8)

n = 28641.9 / 793.8

n = 36.08 ≈ 36

Therefore, 36 football players each of 81 kg are needed to pull the two cylinders apart.

molecules are free to separate from each other and will take on the shape of the container. molecules move completely at random and high speeds. they vibrate in a fixed position and do not move around much. molecules expand to the edge of their container.