Automobiles must be able to sustain a frontal impacl The automobile design must allow low speed impacts with little sustained damage, while allowing the vehicle front end structure to deform and absorb impact energy at higher speeds. Consider a frontal impact test of a 1000 kg mass vehicle. (a) For a low speed test at 2.5 rnls, compute the energy in the vehicle just prior to impacl If the bumper is a pure elastic element, what is the effective design stiffness required to limit the bumper maximum deflection during impact to 4 em

the effective design stiffness required to limit the bumper maximum deflection during impact to 4 cm is 3906250 N/m

Explanation:

Given that;

mass of vehicle m = 1000 kg

for a low speed test; V = 2.5 m/s

bumper maximum deflection = 4 cm = 0.04 m

First we determine the energy of the vehicle just prior to impact;

W_v = 1/2mv²

we substitute

W_v = 1/2 × 1000 × (2.5)²

W_v = 3125 J

now, the the effective design stiffness k will be:

at the impact point, energy of the vehicle converts to elastic potential energy of the bumper;

hence;

W_v = 1/2kx²

we substitute

3125 = 1/2 × k (0.04)²

3125 = 0.0008k

k = 3125 / 0.0008

k = 3906250 N/m

Therefore, the effective design stiffness required to limit the bumper maximum deflection during impact to 4 cm is 3906250 N/m

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