Is throwing a ball against a wall newton's 3rd law ?

Which statement is true for light passing into a medium that is more optically dense than the first medium through which it past

An insurance company wants to know if the average speed at which men drive cars is higher than that of women drivers. the company took a random sample of 27 cars driven by men on a highway and found the mean speed to be 72 miles per hour with a standard deviation of 2.2 miles per hour. another sample of 18 cars driven by women on the same highway gave a mean speed of 68 miles per hour with a standard deviation of 2.5 miles per hour. assume that the speeds at which all men and all women drive cars on this highway are both approximately normally distributed with unknown and unequal population standard deviations.

Using the work energy theorem. what is the velocity of a 850kg car after starting at rest when 13,000j of work is done to it.