If 10 calories of energy are added to 2 grams of ice at -30° C, calculate the final temperature of the ice. (Notice that the specific heat of ice is different from that of water.) Assume the specific heat of ice is 0.5 -30° C
40° C
-20° C
30° C

-20°C

Explanation:

The specific heat capacity of ice using the cgs system is 0.5cal/g°C

The enthalpy change is calculated as follows

ΔH=MC∅ where M represents mass C represents specific heat and ∅ represents the temperature change.

10cal = 2g×0.5cal/g°C×∅

∅=10cal/(2g×0.5cal/g°C)

∅=10°C

Final temperature= -30°C+ 10°C= -20°C

answer; (d) spontaneous processes are characterized by the overall conversion of order to disorder;

e/c, where e is its total energy