5.54 Two kilograms of air within a piston–cylinder assembly WP execute a Carnot power cycle with maximum and minimum temper atures of 750 K and 300 K, respectively. The heat transfer to the air during the isothermal expansion is 60 kJ. At the end of the isothermal expansion the volume is 0.4 m3. Assuming the ideal gas model for the air, determine a. the thermal efficienc b. the pressure and volume at the beginning of the isothermal expansion, in kPa and m3, respectively. c. the work and heat transfer for each of the four processes, in kJ. d. Sketch the cycle on p–V coordinates.

A) 60%

B) p2 = 1237.2 kPa

   v2 = 0.348 m^3

C) w1-2 = w3-4 = 1615.5 kJ

   Q2-3 = 60 kJ

Explanation:

A) calculate thermal efficiency

  Л = 1 -  

where Tl = 300 k

            Th = 750 k

hence thermal efficiency ( Л ) = [1 - ( 300 / 750 )] * 100 = 60%

B) calculate the pressure and volume at the beginning of the isothermal expansion

calculate pressure ( P2 )  :

= P3v3 = mRT3  ----- (1)

v3 = 0.4m , mR = 2* 0.287, T3 = 750

hence P3 = 1076.25

next equation to determine P2

Qex = p3v3 ln( p2/p3 )

60 = 1076.25 * 0.4 ln(p2/p3)

hence ; P2 = 1237.2 kpa

calculate volume ( V2 )

p2v2 = p3v3

v2 = p3v3 / p2

   = (1076.25 * 0.4 ) /  1237.2  

  = 0.348 m^3

C) calculate the work and heat transfer for each four processes

work :

W1-2 = mCv( T2 - T1 )

        = 2*0.718 ( 750 - 300 ) = 1615.5 kJ

W3-4 = 1615.5 kJ

heat transfer

Q2-3 = W2-3 = 60KJ

Q3-4 = 0

D ) sketch of the cycle on p-V coordinates

attached below