A motorcycle can reach a speed of 60 mi/hr much faster than a minivan can

Newton's Second Law of motion

Explanation:

Newton's second law of motion states that 'the rate of change of the momentum of a body is directly proportional to, and in the same direction as, the net force acting on it.' This law applies to the given situation stating that 'a motorcycle can reach a speed of 60mph much faster than a minivan' as the smaller mass accelerates more quickly than the larger. This is because the van would require a more stopping distance as it would be difficult to decelerate due to the heavy mass. While for a motorcycle, it would be much easier to decelerate due to lesser mass. Thus, Newton's second law applies here.

what experimental evidence led scientists to change from the previous model to this one?

a few of the positive particles aimed at a gold foil seemed to bounce back.

the colors of light emitted from heated atoms had very specific energies.

experiments with water vapor showed that elements combine in specific proportions.

cathode rays were bent in the same way whenever a magnet was brought near them.