An indicator diagram, taken from petrol engine during a test, was divided into 8 strips of equal width. The mid ordinates of the strips measured 17.5, 20.0, 18.75, 12.5, 10.0, 7.5, 5.0,

and 3.75. The scale of the spring used was 60 kPa/mm. Determine the mean effective pressure

of this engine. If the engine cylinder is 80 mm in diameter and 120 mm in stroke, calculate the

net work of the engine per stroke.

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.

i'm on my way to history not a mistory.

find the sum of the two horizontal vectors and the sum of the two vertical vectors

isoceles right angled triangle