how might testing small-scale building models or their components be helpful in testing improvements and changes to the building design

& Explanation:

small scaled building models are very rare to make/build nowadays.

due to advance technology it is more wiser and more convenient to use 3d programs like revit in creating building model to scale.

so It is always a good idea to make models of your ideas, before deciding on the final design.

This will help you determine whether your idea is going to work or needs modifying. A model allows you to test your solution quickly and cheaply.

Reworking a massive building takes years, millions of pounds, and meticulous planning and project management.

their crystal patterns have been disrupted by stress

there are no contact forces mentioned on the list of choices that you've provided.