Mission Control sends a brief wake-up call to astronauts in a distant spaceship. Five seconds after the call is sent, Mission Control hears the waking groans of the astronauts. How far away (at most) from Earth is the spaceship

Unpolarized light falls on two polarizer sheets whose transmission axes are at right angles. a third polarizer is placed between the first two so that its axis makes a 52-degree angle with the axis of the first polarizer. a) what fraction of the incident light intensity is transmitted through the first polaroid? b) what fraction of the incident light intensity is transmitted through the second polaroid? c) what is the angle of polarization of the light that enters the third polaroid? d) what fraction of the incident light intensity is transmitted through the third polaroid. e) what happens if the middle polaroid is removed?

Atruck driver is attempting to deliver some furniture. first, he travels 8 km east, and then he turns around and travels 3 km west. finally, he turns again and travels 13 km to his destination. what is the drivers distance

Two 2.0-cm-diameter disks face each other, 1.0 mm apart. they are charged to ±10 nc. what is the electric field strength between the disks? a proton is shot from the negative disk toward the positive disk. what launch speed must the proton have to just barely reach the positive disk?