Our Sun shines bright with a luminosity of 3.828x10^26 Watt. Her energy is responsible for many processes and the habitable temperatures on the Earth that make our life possible. (a) Calculate the amount of energy arriving on the Earth in a single day
(b) To how many liters of heating oil ( energy density: 37.3x10^6 J/litre) is this equivalent?
(c) The Earth reflects 30% of this energy: Determine the temperature on Earth’s surface.
(d) What other factors should be considered to get an even more precise temperature estimate?
NOTE: The Earth’s radius is 6730km, the Sun’s radius is 696x10^3 km, 1AU is 1.495x10^8

(a) 1317.44 W/m²

(b) 1.74×10¹⁵ litres of heating oil

(c) -20.63°C

(d) Energy storage in the Earth and the air

Explanation:

The parameters given are;

Luminosity of the Sun = 3.828 × 10²⁶ Watt

Distance of the Earth from the Sun, d = 152.06 × 10⁶ km

The radius of the Sun = 696 × 10³ km

The radius of the Earth, = 6730 km

The surface area of the Sun = 12000 × Surface area of the Earth

The surface area of the Sun = 6.09 × 10¹² km²

Cross sectional area of the Earth = 1.27 × 10⁴ m² = 0.0127 km²

By the inverse square law, we have;

Where:

R = Solar radiation reaching the Earth

Therefore;

Hence, the energy, E, reaching the Earth in a day is given as follows;

E = R × 4×πײ×60×60×24 = 1317.44 × 4 × π × 6730000² × 60×60×24

E = 6.479×10²² Joules

(b) The number of litres of heating oil is therefore;

6.479×10²² J ÷ (37.3×10⁶ J/litre) = 1.74×10¹⁵ litres of heating oil

(c) 30% of the Energy is reflected, therefore;

0.7 × 6.479×10²² Joules = 4.54×10²² Joules reaches the Earths surface

From Stefan-Boltzmann law, we have;

Where:

α = 0.3

σ = Stefan-Boltzmann constant = 5.6704×10⁻⁸ W/(m²·K⁴)

Therefore;

(d) The heat storage in the Earth and the air

a solenoid is created by wrapping a l = 90 m long wire around a hollow tube of diameter d = 4.5 cm.   the wire diameter is d = 0.9 mm.   the solenoid wire is then connected to a power supply so that a current of i = 9 a flows through the wire.

randomized variablesl = 90 m

d = 4.5 cm

d = 0.9 mm

i = 9 a                                          

write an expression for the number of turns, n, in the solenoid. you do not need to take into account the diameter of the wire in this calculation.

calculate the number of turns, n, in the solenoid.

write an expression for the length of the solenoid (l2) in terms of the diameter of the hollow tube d.

calculate the length of the solenoid (l2)   in meters.

calculate the magnitude of the magnetic field at the center of the solenoid in teslas.

explanation:

the answer is f1 and d2 because if you put equal force on those two points the beam would balance trust me on this