A toboggan with two riders has a total mass of 85.0 kg. A third person is pushing with a horizontal force of 42.5 N on a toboggan moving on a horizontal surface at the top of a hill that has a downward angle of 15°. The force of friction on the toboggan is 31.0 N. Which statement describes an accurate free-body diagram to represent the situation?

Air is held within a frictionless piston-cylinder container, which is oriented vertically. the mass of the piston is 0.45 kg and the cross-sectional area is 0.0030 m2. initially (state 1) the pressure of the gas is sufficient to support the weight of the piston as well as the force exerted by the atmospheric pressure ( 101.32 kpa). the volume occupied by the air within the cylinder in state 1 is 1.00 liter. one end of a spring (with spring constant k = 1000 n/m) is attached to the top of the piston, while the other end of the spring is attached to a stage that can move vertically. initially the spring is undeflected and therefore exerts no force. then the stage is then moved quasistatically downward a distance of 10.0 cm, at which point the system reaches state 2. the piston-cylinder is not insulated; rather it remains in diathermal contact with the surroundings, which are at a constant temperature of 300 k. what is the change of pressure within the container?

Amass m = 74 kg slides on a frictionless track that has a drop, followed by a loop-the-loop with radius r = 18.4 m and finally a flat straight section at the same height as the center of the loop (18.4 m off the ground). since the mass would not make it around the loop if released from the height of the top of the loop (do you know why? ) it must be released above the top of the loop-the-loop height. (assume the mass never leaves the smooth track at any point on its path.) 1. what is the minimum speed the block must have at the top of the loop to make it around the loop-the-loop without leaving the track? 2. what height above the ground must the mass begin to make it around the loop-the-loop? 3. if the mass has just enough speed to make it around the loop without leaving the track, what will its speed be at the bottom of the loop? 4. if the mass has just enough speed to make it around the loop without leaving the track, what is its speed at the final flat level (18.4 m off the ground)? 5. now a spring with spring constant k = 15600 n/m is used on the final flat surface to stop the mass. how far does the spring compress?

Uranium has two naturally occurring isotopes. 238u has a natural abundance of 99.3% and 235u has an abundance of 0.7%. it is the rarer 235u that is needed for nuclear reactors. the isotopes are separated by forming uranium hexafluoride uf6, which is a gas, then allowing it to diffuse through a series of porous membranes. 235uf6 has a slightly larger rms speed than 238uf6 and diffuses slightly faster. many repetitions of this procedure gradually separate the two isotopes. what is the ratio of the rms speed of 235uf6 to that of 238uf6? express your answer to five significant figures.