A 0.150-kg glider is moving to the right with a speed of 0.80 m/s on a frictionless, horizontal air track. The glider has a head-on collision with a 0.300-kg glider that is moving to the left with a speed of 2.20 m/s. Find the final velocity (magnitude and direction) of each glider if the collision is elastic.

The final speed of 0.150-kg glider after collision is 3.2 m/s to the left

The final speed of 0.300-kg glider after collision is 0.20 m/s to the left

Explanation:

Given;

mass of glider moving to the right, m₁ = 0.150-kg

mass of glider moving to the left, m₂ = 0.300-kg

initial speed of glider moving to the right, u₁ = 0.80 m/s

initial speed of glider moving to the left, u₂ = 2.20 m/s

Apply the principle of conservation of linear momentum;

m₁u₁ + m₂u₂ = m₁v₁ + m₂v₂

(0.15 x 0.8) + (0.3 x - 2.2) = 0.15v₁ + 0.3v₂

-0.54 = 0.15v₁ + 0.3v₂

0.15v₁ + 0.3v₂ = - 0.54 equation (i)

Again, their relative velocity after collision is given as;

u₁ - u₂ = v₂ - v₁

0.8 - (-2.2) = v₂ - v₁

3 = v₂ - v₁

v₂ =  v₁ + 3  equation (ii)

Substitute v₂ in equation (i)

0.15v₁ + 0.3v₂ = - 0.54

0.15v₁ + 0.3(v₁ + 3 ) = - 0.54

0.15v₁ + 0.3v₁ + 0.9 = - 0.54

0.45v₁  = - 0.54 - 0.9  

0.45v₁  = -1.44

v₁ = -1.44 /0.45

v₁ = - 3.2 m/s

Thus, the final speed of 0.150-kg glider after collision is 3.2 m/s to the left

From equation (ii), v₂ = v₁ + 3

v₂ = -3.2 + 3

v₂ = - 0.20 m/s

Therefore, the final speed of 0.300-kg glider after collision is 0.20 m/s to the left

freezing

deposition

condensation

explanation;

melting also called fusion is the process where solid becomes liquid, sublimation is the process where solid becomes gaseous without first changing to liquid, deposition involves change from gaseous to solid state, freezing involves change from liquid to solid, boiling or evaporation involves change of liquid to gaseous state, while condensation is the change from gaseous state to liquid state.

endothermic reactions involves absorption of heat from the surroundings or the environment while exothermic reactions involves loss of heat energy to the surroundings.

in this case, sublimation, evaporation and melting are endothermic reactions (gain energy from the environment) while, freezing, deposition and condensation are exothermic (loss of energy to the surroundings) reactions.

blue light is scattered in different directions by the tiny molecules of air. blue is scattered more than other colours because it has a shorter distance to travel which results in smaller waves. this is why we see a blue sky most of the time.