What is the primary source of a sound?
A. A frequency
B. A refraction
C. A vibration
D. A medium to carry the signal

Which of the following best describes reverberation?
A. The wavefronts become mixed and broken up due to contact with a rough or irregular surface.
B. A fraction of the sound waves are absorbed by an object and converted to heat energy.
C. A single sound undergoes several reflections due to multiple reflecting surfaces.
D. A change in the sound wave velocity causes the wave to bend in a different direction.

occurs when a body’s molecular wavelength sends vibrations to another body, resulting in the production of another sound wave.
A. Focusing
B. Refraction
C. Interference
D. Resonance

Which of the following is an example of the Doppler effect?
A. Two identical musical instruments being played next to each other will produce a sound twice as loud as if only one were played.
B. Vibrations from a tuning fork pass through the air and cause a nearby dish of water to produce ripples of the same frequency.
C. A hiker shouts "hello" into a canyon and hears it repeated back several times before it fades away.
D. The siren of a police car sounds different when the car is coming toward you than it does when it passes you.

In Sir Isaac Newton's time in the early 1700s, what was the general consensus among scientists on the properties of light?
A. Light travels in waves and can, as a result, bend slightly around obstructions.
B. Light requires a medium for self-propagation and can't pass through a vacuum.
C. Light represents the release of electrons when energy is applied to an object.
D. Light is composed of particles and travels in a straight line.

If the angle of incidence of a light source to a shiny surface is 30 degrees, what will the angle of reflection be?
A. 150 degrees
B. 60 degrees
C. 30 degrees
D. 90 degrees

If a material has a high index of refraction, it has a
A. low optical density, and light travels more slowly through it.
B. high optical density, and light travels more slowly through it.
C. high optical density, and light travels more quickly through it.
D. low optical density, and light travels more quickly through it.

Which of the following statements regarding the visible spectrum of light is accurate?
A. The wavelength of visible light falls between gamma rays and X-rays along the spectrum.
B. It represents only a very small fraction of the entire electromagnetic spectrum.
C. It can be detected only through the use of thermal imaging equipment.
D. It has the longest wavelength of all types of waves along the electromagnetic spectrum.

If you were to combine a beam of blue light and a beam of yellow light, what would the result be?
A. White light
B. No light
C. Green light
D. Black light

The type of light waves that living things give off naturally is called
A. radio waves.
B. infrared light.
C. gamma radiation.
D. visible light.

When you're standing in a pool in the summertime, and your leg looks shorter under the water than in air, this is an example of light
A. absorption.
B. refraction.
C. reflection.
D. resonance.

1. a student believes that colder water makes fish swim faster. he sets up an experiment using different temperatures of water and measures the speed of the fish. (chapter 1 – page 9) a. what is the independent variable? b. what is the dependent variable? c. list two constants the student should have for this experiment. 2. convert 0.375 mg to grams. show your work with units in order to receive credit. (chapter 1 – page 16) 3. a race car drives one lap around a race track that is 500 meters in length. (chapter 2 – pages 45-46) a. what is the driver’s displacement at the end of the lap? b. how is his displacement different from the distance traveled? 4. how far does a car travel in 90 seconds if it is traveling at a speed of 55 m/s? show the appropriate equation from your textbook and show your work with units in order to receive credit. (chapter 2 – pages 46-47) 5. two cars, both with a mass of 500 kg, are traveling down a road. the first car has a velocity of 65 m/s east and the second car has a velocity of 85 m/s west. (chapter 2 – pages 54-55) a. calculate the momentum of both cars showing the appropriate equation from your textbook and your work with units in order to receive credit. b. which car has the larger momentum? explain how you know. 6. an airplane traveling at 60 m/s comes to a stop in 10 seconds. calculate the airplane’s acceleration. show the appropriate formula and show your work with units in order to receive credit. (chapter 2 – pages 57-58) 7. an individual has a weight of 735 newtons. what is the individual’s mass? show the appropriate equation from your book and show your work with the units in order to receive credit. (chapter 3 – pages 78-79) 8. in terms of newton’s first law of motion, explain why it is important to wear a seatbelt while riding in a car. (chapter 3 – page 86) 9. if you kick a tennis ball with 50 n of force and then kick a soccer ball with 50 n of force, explain the difference in their motion according to newton’s second law. (chapter 3 – pages 81-82) 10. describe how the velocity and acceleration of a skydiver changes as she falls from the plane back to the ground. (chapter 3 – pages 88-89) 11. a child is swinging on swing. describe what happens to both the kinetic energy and potential energy of the child as she swings up and down. (chapter 4 – pages 123) 12. driving to work one morning, you get a flat tire. when using the car jack, you apply 120 n of force to the jack and the jack in turn applies 2000 n of force to lift the car up. what is the mechanical advantage of the jack? (chapter 4 – page 111) 13. a temperature of a 50 kg block increases by 15°c when 337,500 j of thermal energy are added to the block. (chapter 5 – pages 141-142) a. what is the specific heat of the object? show the appropriate equation from your book and show your work with units. b. what is the block made of? use the chart on page 141. c. is this block a good material for insulators or conductors? 14. explain why gases make better thermal insulators than solids or liquids. give one example from the textbook of a thermal insulator that can keep you warm on a cold day. (chapter 5 – pages 147) 15. several days after a snowfall, the roofs of some homes on your street have almost no snow on them, while the roofs on other homes are still snow covered. assuming they have all received the same amount of sunlight, give one reason for this observation related to thermal energy and insulation. 16. if you purchased a string of lights, how could you determine if the lights were wired in series or parallel? (chapter 6 – pages 185-186) 17. what happens to the current in a device if the resistance is decreased but the voltage stays the same? (chapter 6 – pages 181-182) 18. you measure the voltage difference of a circuit to be 15 v and the resistance to be 675 ω. what is the current in the circuit? show the appropriate equation from your book and show your work with units. (chapter 6 – page 182) 19. explain why a magnet from your refrigerator could not be used to lift something as heavy as a car. (chapter 7 – pages 202-203)

=force × distance a. work b. velocity c. pressure d. momentum

Atelevision set that has been running for a while heats up even the air around it. which two laws of thermodynamics could be used to analyze this scenario