A convergent–divergent nozzle through which air flows is designed to generate Mach 2.2. The supply reservoir pressure is 2.2 MPa and the flow is discharged into ambient air at a pressure of 101 kPa. Under these conditions, the nozzle will be underexpanded, and as a result, expansion waves will exist at the nozzle exit. Find the flow direction just downstream of the exit plane expansion waves under these conditions. What effect does the presence of the expansion waves have on the net axial thrust produced by the nozzle?

more than, less

less than, more

russian is not my first language, so i'm afraid i can't write out an answer in russian, but hopefully you can find a way to do so. here's my best translation of the problem: you're given a plot of a particle's position in one-dimensional space over time, and you're asked to find either the total distance traveled by the particle after 6 seconds had elapsed, or the total displacement of the particle after 6 seconds.

if you want the total distance traveled, you would first need to determine the particle's velocity as a function of time, then integrate that over the 6-second interval. we know the position function is quadratic with roots at 0 and 6, so we have

where is unknown. because the position is parabolic, there is symmetry about the midpoint at , and we know that

so that the position function is

which means the velocity is

then the total distance traveled is

so the total distance traveled is 20 m.

on the other hand, if you want to find displacement: the particle starts at and ends at , so its displacement is 0.