A beam of light in air is incident at an angle of 30º to the surface of a rectangular block of clear plastic (n = 1.46). The light beam first passes through the block and re-emerges from the opposite side into air at what angle to the normal to that surface?

θ = 30°

Explanation:

Firts, the angle when the beam of light passes through the block cam be calculated using Snell Law:

Where:

n₁: is the index of refraction of the incident medium (air) = 1

θ₁: is the incident angle = 30°

n₂: is the medium 2 (plastic) = 1.46

θ₂: is the transmission angle

Hence, θ₂ is:

Now, when the beam of light re-emerges from the opposite side, we have:

n₁: is the index of refraction of the incident medium (plastic) = 1.46  

θ₁: is the incident angle = 20.03°                

n₂: is the medium 2 (air) = 1

θ₂: is the transmission angle

Hence, the angle to the normal to that surface (θ₂) is:

Therefore, we have that the beam of light will come out at the same angle of when it went in, since, it goes from air and enters to a plastic medium and then enters again in this medium to go out to air again. This was proved using the Snell Law.    

I hope it helps you!                

the old price per ounce is c/4.

the new price per ounce is c/3.6.

the ratio of the old price to the new one is

(c/4)/(c/3.6) = (c/c)×(3.6/4) = 0.9 . . = 9/10 . . "nine tenths" in either form