A uniform ladder 5.0 m long rests against a frictionless, vertical wall with its lower end 3.0 m from the wall. The ladder weighs 160 N. The coefficient of static friction between the foot of the ladder and the ground is 0.40. A man weighing 740 N climbs slowly up the ladder. (a) What is the maximum friction force that the ground can exert on the ladder at its lower end? (b) What is the actual friction force when the man has climbed 1.0 m along the ladder? (c) How far along the ladder can the man climb before the ladder starts to slip?

Explanation:

a )

Reaction force of the ground

R = mg

= 160 N

Maximum friction force possible

= μ x R

= μ x 160

= .4 x 160

= 64 N .

b )

 160 N will act at middle point . 740N will act at distance of 3 / 5 m from the wall ,

Taking moment about top point of ladder

160 x 1.5 + 740 x 3/5 + f x 4 = 900 x 3

240 + 444 + 4f = 2700

f = 504 N

c )

Let x be the required distance.  

Taking moment about top point of ladder

160 x 1.5 + 740 x 3 x / 5 + .4 x 900 x 4  = 900 x 3  ( .4 x 900 is the maximum friction possible )

240 + 444 x + 1440  = 2700

x = 2.3  m

so man can go upto 2.3 at which maximum friction acts .

d. air pressure decreases as altitude increases.