A 0.140 kg stone rests on a frictionless, horizontal surface. A bullet of mass 8.50 g , traveling horizontally at 320 m/s , strikes the stone and rebounds horizontally at right angles to its original direction with a speed of 250 m/s.

(a) Compute the magnitude and direction of the velocity of the stone after it is struck.
(b) Is the collision perfectly elastic?

a) (Positive), b) . The collision is not perfectly elastic.

Explanation:

a) The collision can be described by the Principle of Momentum Conservation and Principle of Energy Conservation:

The final velocity of the rock is:

b) The coefficient of restitution is the best criterion to distinguish elastic collsions from inelastic collisions, such criterion is the ratio of final energy of the system to initial energy of the system:

The collision is not perfectly elastic.

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