What is the relationship between Newton's second law and gravitational acceleration?

Correct  Fg = m · g

Explanation:

Newton's second law states that if a resultant force is applied to an object, the object begins to move at an accelerated rate.

The formula that presents this is:

F = m · a  

this formula applies to an object moving on some surface

where m is the mass of the object and a the acceleration of the object

Let's take it now and watch the free fall:

The formula that presents this is:

Fg = m · g  

this formula applies to an object moving at free fall in vertical direction

Free fall is also an accelerated movement to which Newton's second law applies.

where m is the mass of the object and g the gravitation acceleration of the object . We also know that g is equal:

g = γ · Me / d² where Me is mass of the earth

God is with you!!!

the first, second, and fifth options