In a device like the one shown below, the cylinder is allowed to fall a distance of 300 m. As a result, the temperature of the water increases by 2.7°C. What would have been the increase in temperature if the cylinder were only allowed to fall 100 m?

Increase in the temperature of water would be 0.9 degree C

Explanation:

As we know by energy conservation

Change in the gravitational potential energy of the cylinder = increase in the thermal energy of the water

Here we know that the gravitational potential energy of the cylinder is given as

here we have

h = 300 m

now we can say

now if the cylinder falls from height h = 100 m

then we have

now from above two equations

acceleration = (change in speed) / (time for the change)

change in speed = (20-120)= -100 m/s.

1.5 min = 90 sec

acceleration = -100/90 = -1.11 m/s^2.

we don't care about the 150kg or the 2,500 meters. they don't make any difference.

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