In a Little League baseball game, the 145 g ball enters the strike zone with a speed of 15.0 m/s . The batter hits the ball, and it leaves his bat with a speed of 21.0 m/s in exactly the opposite direction. What is the magnitude of the impulse delivered by the bat to the ball?

5.22 Ns

Explanation:

A consequence of Newton's second law of motion is that:

Impulse = change in momentum

The initial momentum = (0.145 kg) × (15.0 m/s)

The final momentum = (0.145 kg) × (-21.0 m/s)

The final momentum has a negative sign because the ball returned in an opposite direction.

Change in momentum = final momentum - initial momentum = (0.145 kg) × (-21.0 m/s) - (0.145 kg) × (15.0 m/s)

= -0.145(21.0 + 15.0) kg m/s

= -0.145 × 36.0 kg m/s

= -5.22 kg m/s

The magnitude of the impulse is thus 5.22 Ns.

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