How long would it take for a radio wave sent from a space satellite circling mars to reach Earth? Assume that radio waves (a form of electromagnetic radiation) travel at the speed of light?

3 Minutes 2 seconds to 22 minutes 16 seconds

Explanation:

Lets assume the Mars to be at the closest distance to Earth. This distance (D) = 54.6 Million km

The signal travels at the speed of light, so speed of the signal (V) = 300000 km/s

So, the time (T) taken by the radio wave to reach Earth from Mars will be,

Thus, T = 182 Sec = 3 Minutes 2 seconds.

The radio wave will take minimum 03 Minutes 02 seconds to reach Earth. Here is should be noted that the distance between the two planets keep on changing as they revolve around the Sun. There will come a point when Mars is farthest from Earth and the distance (D) will be 401 Million km. Then, the time will change to ,

T = 1336.67 sec = 22.27 Minutes.

So the maximum time will be 22 minutes 16 seconds.

chemical energy --> gravitational potential energy --> kinetic energy --> elastic potential energy --> gravitational potential energy

explanation:

when emma starts the hike, the chemical energy stored in her body is used to climb up the mountain, and so she gains gravitational potential energy (because at the end, she will be at a higher height h above the ground). then she goes bungee jumping: as she falls, this gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy (because her speed increases as she falls down), until the point when the rope stretches, and she stops moving. at that moment, all the kinetic energy is converted into elastic potential energy due to the stretching of the rope. then, this energy is released because the rope returns to its natural length, and emma gains a small increase in altitude , so she gains some gravitational potential energy.

c) a core temperature of only ten thousand kelvin