From the schematic of the Earth below, which of the 5 observers will see the Sun carve the shortest path through the sky? (From north to south the observers are: green along the green latitude line, yellow along the yellow latitude line, black along the black latitude line, red along the red latitude line, and orange along the orange latitude line)

A. The green observer
B. The yellow observer
C. The black observer
D. The red observer
E. The orange observer
F. They will each see equally long Sun paths on a given date

The answer would be a

The chemical reactions lab we did is typically called a "copper plating lab,  because the acid solution cleaned the pennies and made the copper look shinier;   the acid solution cleaned the paperclips and made them look like pennies;   &   the copper from the pennies was removed, and then added to the paperclips. 

Since you have not included the experiment situation and the data, of course, i can not give you specific details about it. but i can you with this question.1) i will assume that the motion is projectile (parabolic) motion.2) yes, the horizontal distance depends on the horizontal velocity as, naming vx the horizontal velocity and t the time, it is: x = vx × t3) now, observe that the flight time depends on the vertical velocity as, naming voy the initial vertical velocity, t the time and y the vertical distance before reaching the ground: y = yo + voy×t - gt² / 2.the higher the initial vertical velocity (voy) the longer the object will be flying and so t will be higher in the equation for the horizontal distance.that explains the relationship between the horizontal distance and the horizontal velocity.