A. Based on a typical bond energy of 150 kBT and a typical bond length of 0.15 nm, use dimensional analysis to estimate the frequency of vibration of covalent bonds. b. Assume that the Lennard–Jones potential given by V(r)= a − b r12 r6 describes a covalent bond (though real covalent bonds are more appropriately described by alternatives such as the Morse potential that are not as convenient analytically). Using the typical bond energy as the depth of the potential and the typical bond length as its equilibrium position, find the parameters a and b. Do a Taylor expansion around this equilibrium position to determine the effective spring constant and the resulting typical frequency of vibration. c. Based on your results from (a) and (b), estimate the time step required to do a classical mechanical simulation of protein dynamics.

-first use of geothermal energy occurred more than 10,000 years ago in north america by american paleo-indians

-the first industrial use of geothermal energy began near pisa, italy in late 18th century

-in 1904, italian scientist piero ginori conti invented the first geothermal electric power plant in which steam was used to generate the power

-with the above experiment, the first geothermal plant in usa started in 1922 with a capacity of 250 kilowatts

-however, in 1946 first ground-source geothermal heat pump installed at commonwealth building in portland, oregon

-during the 1960’s, pacific gas and electric began operation of first large scale geothermal power plant in san francisco, producing 11 megawatts

-in 1973, when oil crisis began many countries began looking for renewable energy sources and by 1980’s geothermal heat pumps (ghp) started gaining popularity in order to reduce heating and cooling costs

-as effect of climate change started showing results, governments of various countries joined hands to fight against it, for which kyoto protocol was signed in japan in 1997, laid out emission targets for rich countries and required that they transfer funds and technology to developing countries, 184 countries have ratified it

hope this

first thing first of the answer is with technology. second thing second thing is that the big bang theory did not happened u see they say it did but what they dont realize is that like dinasures are still a round they might deny it but they and look at these 12 foot human skelteons they find lets see didnt the bible say something about giants. hope this peace.