How does the nuclear charge relate to the energy of the 1s orbital?

Explanation:

Effective nuclear charge is defined as he net positive charge experienced by an electron in an atom. It is termed "effective" because the shielding effect of electrons prevents higher orbital electrons from experiencing the full nuclear charge of the nucleus due to the repelling effect of inner-layer electrons.

The 1s is the closest shell to the nucleus of an therefore maximum nuclear charge is experienced. The formula for effective nuclear charge is:

Zeff = Z – S

where

Z = the number of protons in the nucleus, and

S = the shielding constant, the average number of electrons between the nucleus and the electron.

Hence, the energy required to remove an electron from the 1s orbital is the strongest.

multiple allele inheritance is traits controlled by more than 2 alleles (ex: pigeons having 3 alleles of one gene govern their feather color).

initial speed when it is dropped is 150 ft/s

now at the same moment the acceleration due to gravity is perpendicular to its velocity

so as we know that

now we have centripetal acceleration a = 32 ft/s^2 as its perpendicular to velocity

while tangential acceleration at the same moment will be zero

so

now radius of curvature is given as

so the radius of curvature just after it is dropped is 703.125 ft