Which of the following changes to the earth-sun system would reduce the magnitude of the force between them to one-fourth the value found in part a?

reduce the mass of the earth to one-fourth its normal value.
reduce the mass of the sun to one-fourth its normal value.
reduce the mass of the earth to one-half its normal value and the mass of the sun to one-half its normal value.
increase the separation between the earth and the sun to four times its normal value.

part a was:

consider the earth following its nearly circular orbit (dashed curve) about the sun. the earth has mass mearth=5.98

Suppose that an electromagnetic wave which is linearly polarized along the x−axis is propagating in vacuum along the z−axis. the wave is incident on a conductor which is placed at z > 0 region of the space. the conductor has conductivity σ, magnetic permeability µ and electric permittivity ε. (a) find the characteristic time for the free charge density which dissipates at the conductor. (b) write the maxwell equations and derive the wave equation for a plane wave propagating in a conductor. (c) find the attenuation distance at which the incident amplitude reduces to e ^−1 of its initial value. (d) find the electric and magnetic fields inside the conductor. 8 (e) find the power loss per area of the incident electromagnetic wave at the surface of conductor.

Give your knowledge of these things in your paper, you will compare and contrast analog and digital signals to determine which is more reliable for encoding and transmitting information. you’ll compare these features: signal shape numerical values for signal measurements amount of data that can be transmitted energy requirements privacy and security (ability of the signal to be encoded in a secret code) clarity of signal in the space provided, write down what you already know about any of these features. if you’re not sure, write down questions you might have about the features.

How many times did thomas edison mess up the light bulb