What are the advantages of division of labor and the disadvantages of division of labor

Suppose that an electromagnetic wave which is linearly polarized along the x−axis is propagating in vacuum along the z−axis. the wave is incident on a conductor which is placed at z > 0 region of the space. the conductor has conductivity σ, magnetic permeability µ and electric permittivity ε. (a) find the characteristic time for the free charge density which dissipates at the conductor. (b) write the maxwell equations and derive the wave equation for a plane wave propagating in a conductor. (c) find the attenuation distance at which the incident amplitude reduces to e ^−1 of its initial value. (d) find the electric and magnetic fields inside the conductor. 8 (e) find the power loss per area of the incident electromagnetic wave at the surface of conductor.

Iwill give 30 points to whoever answers ! what is the formula for actual mechanical advantage and ideal mechanical advantage?

Since the energy was not raising the temperature of the water during these segments, what was the energy used to do instead? your answer must include an explanation of what is happening to the molecules.