Steam in a heating system flows through tubes whose outer diameter is 5 cm and whose walls are maintained at a temperature of 130 ◦c. circular aluminum alloy 2024-t6 fins (k = 186 w/m · k, ηf = 0.97) of outer diameter 6 cm and constant thickness 1 mm are attached to the tube. the space between the fins is 3 mm, and thus there are 250 fins per meter length of the tube. heat is trans- ferred to the surrounding air at t[infinity] = 25 ◦c, with a heat transfer coefficient of 40 w/m2 · k.

determine the increase in heat transfer from the tube per meter of its length as a result of adding fins.

5945.27 W per meter of tube length.

Explanation:

Let's assume that:

First, let's calculate the heat transfer (Q) that occurs when there's no fin in the tubes. The heat will be transferred by convection, so let's use Newton's law of cooling:

Q = A*h*(Tb - T∞)

A is the area of the section of the tube,

A = π*D*L, where D is the diameter (5 cm = 0.05 m), and L is the length. The question wants the heat by length, thus, L= 1m.

A = π*0.05*1 = 0.1571 m²

Q = 0.1571*40*(130 - 25)

Q = 659.73 W

Now, when the fin is added, the heat will be transferred by the fin by convection, and between the fin and the tube by convection, thus:

Qfin = nf*Afin*h*(Tb - T∞)

Afin = 2π*(r2² - r1²) + 2π*r2*t

r2 is the outer radius of the fin (3 cm = 0.03 m), r1 is the radius difference of the fin and the tube ( 0.03 - 0.025 = 0.005 m), and t is the thickness ( 0.001 m).

Afin = 0.006 m²

Qfin = 0.97*0.006*40*(130 - 25)

Qfin = 24.44 W

The heat transferred at the space between the fin and the tube will be:

Qspace = Aspace*h*(Tb - T∞)

Aspace = π*D*S, where D is the tube diameter and S is the space between then,

Aspace = π*0.05*0.003 = 0.0005

Qspace = 0.0005*40*(130 - 25) = 1.98 W

The total heat is the sum of them multiplied by the total number of fins,

Qtotal = 250*(24.44 + 1.98) = 6605 W

So, the increase in heat is 6605 - 659.73 = 5945.27 W per meter of tube length.

he kicked it 10 feet straight up into the air? i think this works.

the earths atmosphere is made up of nitrogen and oxygen. solids can turn into gasses through a process called sublimation. sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase, without passing through the intermediate liquid phase.

hope this : d