If both the radius of the circular trajectory and the speed of the aircraft were reduced by a factor of two, how would the force exerted on the pilot change from the answer you found above ?

Explanation:

Considering aircraft of mass m is moving with constant  velocity v in a trajectory of radius r then the force acting on the body is centripetal force.

Centripetal force will acts on a body when a particle moves in a circular trajectory

It is given by

if both  speed and radius is reduced to half then force become

Force will reduced to half

answer: the exterior temperature of commercial jet planes as they leave the stratosphere and return to the ground increases steadily.

explanation:

the lower most layer of atmosphere is troposphere which extends from 0 to 12 km above the surface of the earth. the temperature initially decreases as distance is increased from the earth's surface. commercial jets fly in lower part of the stratosphere. the stratosphere extends upto 50 km. the temperature in stratosphere starts rising again due to presence of ozone which traps the uv rays.

thus, when the planes leave the stratosphere and return to the ground, the exterior temperature increases steadily.

layers of the earth affect the waves and these effects are seen on instruiments such as seimometers