How is desert pavement formed?

a. runoff and deflation carry off the silt and clay, leaving coarser particles behind
b. groundwater in an alluvial fan evaporates, leaving behind a surface layer of hard-baked mud
c. deflation removes the coarse fragments leaving behind a layer of loess
d. alluvial fans are eroded to form inselbergs with rocky surfaces

Desert pavement or commonly called stone or stony pavement is a type of desert surface that is covered with pebbles and stone tight and intertwined. Many of these layers form a type of pavement known as mosaic. When the particles begin to be stacked between different natural agents such as rain, gravity and animals compact the layers and generates a layer that allows the pavement not to erode. Basically runoff and deflation eliminate silt and clay, leaving thicker particles behind.

The correct answer is A.

answer; (d) spontaneous processes are characterized by the overall conversion of order to disorder;

because if the tool that you are using is not balanced it there would be false mass.