If a car takes a banked curve at less than the ideal speed, friction is needed to keep it from sliding toward the inside of the curve (a real problem on icy mountain roads). (a) calculate the ideal speed in (m/s) to take a 100 m radius curve banked at 15°. m/s (b) what is the minimum coefficient of friction needed for a frightened driver to take the same curve at 15.0 km/h?

a. v₁ = 16.2 m/s

b. μ = 0.251

Explanation:

Given:

θ = 15 ° , r = 100 m , v₂ = 15.0 km / h

a.

To determine v₁ to take a 100 m radius curve banked at 15 °

tan θ  = v₁² / r * g

v₁ = √ r * g * tan θ

v₁ = √ 100 m * 9.8 m/s² * tan 15° = 16.2 m/s

b.

To determine μ friction needed for a frightened

v₂ = 15.0 km / h * 1000 m / 1 km * 1h / 60 minute * 1 minute / 60 seg

v₂ = 4.2 m/s

fk = μ * m * g

a₁ = v₁² / r = 16.2 ² / 100 m = 2.63 m/s²

a₂ = v₂² / r = 4.2 ² / 100 m = 0.18 m/s²

F₁ = m * a₁  ,  F₂ = m * a₂

fk = F₁ - F₂   ⇒  μ * m * g = m * ( a₁ - a₂)

μ * g = a₁ - a₂   ⇒  μ = a₁ - a₂ / g

μ = [ 2.63 m/s² - 0.18 m/s² ] / (9.8 m/s²)

μ = 0.251

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i am pretty sure it is c because when people are closer together, they cannot move as freely. picture being in a mostly full elevator, for instance. the people are right next to you, and you can barely move.