Consider a particle in a room. how likely is the particle to hit the east wall of the room? assume the western wall repels the particles and there is no vertical motion. the position at a subsequent time is related to the current position by x^n + 1 = x^n +f(x^n)+ noise where f(x) = k/x^2 so that the force away from the western wall at x = 0 is proportional to the inverse of the distance squared.

the noise is given by epsilon times a random number between minus one and one. the eastern wall is taken to be at x = 5 and the constant of proportionality for the repulsive force is k = 0.5, with a noise amplitude of 1. run at least 2(h) experiments and determine how many runs it took to reach the eastern wall. plot the results.

When temperature of a substance increases, of its particles increase resulting in more between particles. real world applications of thermal expansion absolute zero (-273 degrees c) is the lowest possible temperature on the kelvin scale. it is a measure of where a substance has no kinetic energy. heat is a process of the . energy flows spontaneously from a object to a until equilibrium is reached. heat is measured in heat is transferred throughis a method of heat transfer that occurs between particles of matter that are in direct contact with each other. are poor conductors that impede / reduce the rate of heat transfer. is a method of heat transfer that occurs in fluids (non-solids) by means of currents. real world application of convectiona method of heat transfer through electromagnetic waves. when energy moves from one object to another inside a closed system, no energy is or in the system in the transaction. systems will spontaneously move to a state of organized energy or high disorder over time called