An air bubble has a volume of 1.70 cm³ when it is released by a submarine 115 m below the surface of a lake. what is the volume of the bubble when it reaches the surface? assume the temperature and the number of air molecules in the bubble remain constant during its ascent.

V = 20.67 cm³

Explanation:

In this case, let's apply the Boyle's law which is:

P1V1 = P2V2

Where P1 and V1 would be condition in the water, and P2 and V2 would be the condition at the surface.

By logic, at the surface, pressure should be equals to 1 atm or 1.01x10^5 N/m²

We know the volume of the bubble at first which is 1.70 cm³ and we need to calculate V2. We know how much is P2, but we don't know the value of P1, which is the pressure of the bubble below the sea; this can be calculated using Pascal's principle which is the following expression:

P1 = Po + dgh

Where:

Po: innitial pressure, which we can assume is 1 atm

d = density of the substance, in this case, water (1000 kg/m³)

g = gravity (9.8 m/s²)

h = distance of the bubble from the surface (115 m)

Now replacing this data in the boyle's law we have the following:

P1V1 = P2V2

V2 = P1V1/P2

V2 = (Po + dgh) * V1 / P2

Replacing the data we have:

V2 = (1.01x10^5 + 1000*9.8*115) * 1.7 / 1.01x10^5

V2 = 2,087,600 / 1.01x10^5

V2 = 20.67 cm³

answer: the correct answer id option(d).

explanation:

snell's law refraction:

the angle of refraction =

the angle of incidence =

refractive index of air = = 1

refractive index of glycerol = 1.47

from the given options, the most closest answer to 63.72° is 65° of option (d).

air exerts forces on falling objects near earth’s surface.

explanation:

the term 'free falls' refer to object that are falling towards the earth, in a situation in which gravity is the only force acting on the object.

for an object in free fall, the acceleration is constant (g, the gravitational acceleration), and so the velocity of the object constantly increases.

for objects near earth's surface, there is always another force acting on the object: the resistance due to the air. this force is opposed to the direction of fall of the object, and it is proportional to the velocity of the object, so as the object falls down, this force increases up to a point when it balances the force of gravity, and the object continues its motion at constant velocity (called terminal velocity). since in this case gravity is not the only force acting on the object, we are not in a situation of free fall.