The 2004 landings of the mars rovers spirit and opportunity involved many stages, resulting in each probe having zero vertical velocity about 12 m above the surface of mars. determine
(a) the time required for the final free-fall descent of the probes
(b) the vertical velocity at impact. the mass of mars is 6 . 419 × 10 23 kg , and its radius is 3 . 397 × 10 6 m

2.54334 seconds

9.4364 m/s

Explanation:

t = Time taken

u = Initial velocity

v = Final velocity

s = Displacement

a = Acceleration

g = Acceleration due to gravity

G = Gravitational constant = 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ m³/kgs²

M = Mass of Mars =

R = Radius of Mars =

The acceleration due to gravity of a planet is given by

Equation of motion

The time taken to fall 12 m in Mars is 2.54334 seconds

The vertical velocity at impact is 9.4364 m/s

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