Ahorizontal aluminum rod 3.3 cm in diameter projects 7.0 cm from a wall. a 1000 kg object is suspended from the end of the rod. the shear modulus of aluminum is 3.0·1010 n/m2. neglecting the rod's mass, find (a) the shear stress on the rod and (b) the vertical deflection of the end of the rod.

a) τ= 2.59 MPa

b)y=28.4 x 10⁻⁵ cm

Explanation:

Given that

L= 3.3 cm

d= 7 cm

m= 1000 kg

G= 3 x 10¹⁰ Pa

Force due to load 1000 kg

P = m g= 1000 x 10 N

P = 10000 N

Area A

A=3848.45 mm²

The shear stress τ

τ= 2.59 MPa

Lets take vertical deflection is y

We know that

τ = G Φ

For small deflection

So

τ L = G y

y=0.000284 cm

y=28.4 x 10⁻⁵ cm

answer: the exterior temperature of commercial jet planes as they leave the stratosphere and return to the ground increases steadily.

explanation:

the lower most layer of atmosphere is troposphere which extends from 0 to 12 km above the surface of the earth. the temperature initially decreases as distance is increased from the earth's surface. commercial jets fly in lower part of the stratosphere. the stratosphere extends upto 50 km. the temperature in stratosphere starts rising again due to presence of ozone which traps the uv rays.

thus, when the planes leave the stratosphere and return to the ground, the exterior temperature increases steadily.