Why does one atom have a partial negative charge in a polar covalent bond?

that atom has a greater attraction for electrons.

that atom has a lesser attraction for electrons.

that atom is more likely to form ionic bonds.

That atom has a greater attraction for electrons.

as we know our atmosphere or air have different levels. every level has other gasses, and every gas has another permeability. when the light comes from lower permeability to higher permeability, it changes its direction. so that means that when the light comes from the moon to the earth, it changes it's direction many more times. it basically means that the shape of the light part of the moon is changed on the earth.

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