An object with total mass mtotal = 14.6 kg is sitting at rest when it explodes into three pieces. one piece with mass m1 = 4.9 kg moves up and to the left at an angle of ? 1 = 22° above the –x axis with a speed of v1 = 25.6 m/s. a second piece with mass m2 = 5.5 kg moves down and to the right an angle of ? 2 = 27° to the right of the -y axis at a speed of v2 = 20.6 m/s.
1)what is the magnitude of the final momentum of the system (all three pieces)?
kg-m/s

2)what is the mass of the third piece?

3)what is the x-component of the velocity of the third piece?

4)what is the y-component of the velocity of the third piece?

5)what is the magnitude of the velocity of the center of mass of the pieces after the collision?

6)calculate the increase in kinetic energy of the pieces during the explosion.
expert answer

1) 0. 2) 4.2 Kg. 3) 15.4 m/s 4) 12.9 m/s 5) 0. 6) 3.62 KJ.

Explanation:

1) Assuming that no external forces act during the collision, total momentum must be conserved. As initially the total mass was at rest, so initial momentum is zero, final momentum of all the system must be 0 also.

2) After the explosion, as mass must be conserved also, the sum of the masses of the three pieces must be equal to the original total mass, so we can write the following:

m₁ + m₂ + m₃ = M = 14.6 Kg = 4.9 Kg + 5.5 Kg + m₃

Solving for m₃, we have:

m₃ = 14.6 Kg - 4.9 Kg -5.5 Kg = 4.2 Kg.

3) and 4)

As momentum is a vector, if it is magnitude must be 0, this means that all his components must be 0 too.

So, we can write two equations, one for the x-component, and other for the y-component, as follows:

pₓ = m₁. v₁ₓ + m₂.v₂ₓ + m₃.v₃ₓ = 0

py = m₁.v₁y + m₂. v₂y + m₃. v₃y =0

Replacing by the values, and solving for v₃ₓ and v₃y, we get:

v₃ₓ = 15.4 m/s

v₃y = 12.9 m/s

v = √(15.4)²+(12.9)² = 20.1 m/s

5) As the center of mass must move as if all the mass were concentrated in this point, and we know that the total momentum must be 0, this tells us that the magnitude of the velocity of the center of mass must be 0 too.

6) As initial kinetic energy is 0, as  the mass was at rest, the increase in the kinetic energy is obtained simply adding the kinetic energy of every piece of mass gained after explosion, as follows:

K = K₁ + K₂ + K₃ = 1/2 (m₁ . v₁² + m₂.v₂² + m₃.v₃²)

Replacing by the values, we get:

K= 3.62 KJ

force is based upon mass and acceleration.the statement is not always true.

it can be explained from newton's second law of motion.

as per newton's second law of motion the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place along the direction of force.

mathematically it can be written as -

                                              ⇒      

here   k is the proportionality constant whose value is 1.

                                                            [a is the acceleration=dv/dt]

hence we see that force not only depends on mass and acceleration but also on velocity and rate of change of mass. force f will depend on mass and acceleration only when mass is constant.

hence the statement that force is based upon mass and acceleration is false.